During the Great Patriotic War, his father was killed at the front, and a mother with three children moved to the city of Yaroslavl. Jusqu'en 1953, Valentina TERECHKOVA est scolarisée à l'école n°32 de Yaroslavl. Her flight lasted 48 orbits totaling 70 hours and 50 minutes in space. From a Textile Mill to Parachuting . Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Learn more about Tereshkova’s life and career. Valentina Vladimirovna Terechkova (en russe : Валентина Владимировна Терешкова, /vɐlʲɪnʲˈtʲinə vlɐˈdʲimʲɪrəvnə tʲɪrʲɪʂˈkovə/, née le 6 mars 1937 à Maslennikovo, raion de Toutaïev dans l'oblast de Iaroslavl) est la première femme à effectuer un vol dans l'espace. She paved the way for other women to become astronauts, although the first American woman didn't fly to orbit until the 1980s. The historic first flight of a female cosmonaut was slated to concur with the second dual flight (a mission on which two craft would be in orbit at the same time, and ground control would maneuver them to within 5 km (3 miles) of each other). Valentina Tereshkova received the Order of Lenin and Hero of the Soviet Union awards for her historic flight. "Valentina Tereshkova: The First Woman in Space." In recent years, she has led a quiet life in Moscow. Valentina Tereshkova (Valentina Vladimirovna Terechkova o Tereshkova; Maslennikovo, 1937) Astronauta rusa que fue la primera mujer que tripuló una nave espacial. Vladimir was killed while serving with the Soviet army in World War II, leaving Elena to raise two-year-old Valentina and two other children—a daughter, Ludmilla, and a son, Vladimir. Three years later she was elected to the Duma. She orbited the Earth for almost three days, showing that women have the same ability in space as men. Valentina TERECHKOVA, jeune femme russe issue d’un milieu modeste et passionnée de parachutisme, décide de se porter volontaire. ????????? Valentina Tereshkova: The First Woman in Space. Making History The historic first flight of a female cosmonaut was slated to concur with the second dual flight (a mission on which two craft would be in orbit at the same time, and ground control would maneuver them to within 5 km (3 miles) of each other). Valentina Terechkova, 76 ans, a occupé diverses fonctions honorifiques à l'époque soviétique et est actuellement députée à la Douma, la chambre basse du parlement russe. This first Soviet cosmonaut performed her immortal feat on June 16, 1963, at … The two had a daughter, Yelena, who was born the following year, the first child of parents that had both been in space. Ses grands-parents, originaires de Biélorussie, font partie des premiers paysans à travailler dans le kolkhozedu village. ThoughtCo, Aug. 27, 2020, thoughtco.com/valentina-tereshkova-biography-3072504. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/valentina-tereshkova-biography-3072504. From 1966 until 1991 she was an active member in the U.S.S.R. Supreme Soviet. On June 16, 1963, she was launched in the spacecraft Vostok 6, which completed 48 orbits in 71 hours. Valentina was not able to attend school u… Edited and updated by Carolyn Collins Petersen. It wasn't until the flight was announced on the radio that her mother learned the truth of her daughter's achievement. Elle a trois ans lorsque son père, conducteur de char d’assaut, est tué en Finlande au début de la seconde guerre mondiale. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The second of three children born to Vladimir Tereshkova and Elena Fyodorovna Tereshkova, Valentina Tereshkova was born on March 6, 1937 … His father worked as a tractor driver, his mother was engaged in housework, worked on the farm. The couple later divorced. Son père conduisait des tracteurs et sa mère s’occupait des enfants du couple, Lioudmila, Valentina et Vladi… Although she had no pilot training, Tereshkova was an accomplished amateur parachutist and on this basis was accepted for the cosmonaut program when she volunteered in 1961. She later became a politician. En novembre 1963, Valentina Terechkova épouse le cosmonaute Andrian Nikolaïev ; c'est un mariage « arrangé » par les autorités soviétiques. Valentina Tereshkova was born in a small village Bolshoye Maslennikovo in the west of Russia, on March 6, 1937. Valentina Terechkova s’est envolée dans l’espace en 1963, seulement deux ans après Youri Gagarine (1961), et avant Neil Armstrong et Buzz Aldrin (1969). Valentina Tereshkova was born on March 6, 1937 in Bolshoe Maslennikovo, Tutaevskiy rayon, Yaroslavskaya oblast, RSFSR, USSR as Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova. It was scheduled for June of the following year, which meant that Tereshkova had only about 15 months to get ready. She is the first and youngest woman to have flown in space with a solo mission on the Vostok 6 on 16 June 1963. (2020, August 27). Further Reading on Valentina Tereshkova. ), née le 6 mars 1937 à Maslennikovo, dans la région de Yaroslavl (Union soviétique) est la première femme cosmonaute de l'histoire.) (Chayka)), Valentina Terechkova(Valentina Vladimirovna Terechkova (en cyrillique : ????????? Vous pouvez voir sa biographie sur le blog ci dessous ... En mars 1962, Valentina Terechkova entre à l’âge de 25 ans dans le groupe des cinq femmes cosmonautes. Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova was born on March 6, 1937 in the village Maslennikovo Tutayev district of the Yaroslavl region in a family of collective farmers. Overseen by Yuri Gagarin (the first man in space) the selection process for female cosmonauts began in mid-1961. Portrait d'une pionnière de la conquête spatiale. That stoked her interest in flight, and at the age of 24, she applied to become a cosmonaut. Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova is a member of the Russian State Duma, engineer, and former cosmonaut. Valentina Tereshkova Biography ; Valentina Tereshkova Biography. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The Soviets were looking for another "first" at which to beat the United States, among many space firsts they achieved during the era. Space exploration is something that people routinely do today, without regard to their gender. Sélectionnée parmi 400 candidats, elle se retrouve dans le groupe final avec 4 autres femmes afin de suivre des entraînements intensifs. Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova (Russian: Валенти́на Влади́мировна Терешко́ва; born 6 March 1937) is a Russian former cosmonaut. A cette date, elle a … Tereshkova, along with three other women parachutists and a female pilot, was selected to train as a cosmonaut in 1962. On June 16, 1963, she was launched in the spacecraft Vostok 6, which completed 48 orbits in 71 hours. On June 14, 1963 cosmonaut Valeriy Bykovsky launched on Vostok 5. Hilaire Cuny, Valentina Terechkova cosmonaute, Les Lettres françaises n o 984, 27 juin-3 juillet 1963, p. 10; Voir aussi Articles connexes. 739-740.. Sharpe, Mitchell, "It is I, Sea Gull": Valentina Tereshkova, First Woman in Space, Crowell, 1975. Après le succès du vol de Youri Gagarine, Sergueï Korolev, le père du programme spatial soviétique a l'idée d'envoyer une femme dans l'espace. Valentina Terechkova reste à ce jour l'unique femme à avoir effectué seule un voyage dans l'espace. Valentina Tereshkova was the woman pioneer who in 1963, managed to fly into space and orbit the Earth, not once, but a total of 48 times in the span of three days. Soviet cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova was the first woman in outer space, launched into space aboard the Vostok 6 on 16 June 1963. Basic training for the women was very similar to that of the male cosmonauts. They were all commissioned as second lieutenants in the Soviet Air Force, which had control over the cosmonaut program at the time. It's possible that Valentina may have trained for a Voskhod mission that was to include a spacewalk, but the flight never happened. Valentina Terechkova s’est envolée dans l’espace en 1963, seulement deux ans après Youri Gagarine (1961), et avant Neil Armstrong et Buzz Aldrin (1969). From Jumping out of Planes to Spaceflight. Valentina Tereshkova, Soviet cosmonaut who was the first woman to travel into space. Tereshkova followed the Vostok procedure of ejecting from the capsule some 6,000 meters (20,000 feet) above the ground and descending under a parachute. Her training included at least two long simulations on the ground, of 6 days and 12 days duration. Tereshkova and Vostok 6 launched two days later, flying with the call sign "Chaika" (Seagull). Greene, Nick. Updates? She landed near Karaganda, Kazakhstan, on June 19, 1963. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Her father, Vladimir Tereshkova, was a tractor driver on a collective farm and her mother, Elena Fyodorovna Tereshkova, worked at the Krasny Perekop cotton mill. Nick Greene is a software engineer for the U.S. Navy Space and Naval Warfare Engineering Center. 884-885. Biography of Valentina Tereshkova the first woman in the world who traveled to space. La primera mujer en volar al cosmos es toda una leyenda, su nombre es conocido en todos los rincones del planeta. Aimable et serviable, réservée et opiniâtre, elle est aussi un modèle de savoir-vivre. Tereshkova se convirtió en un miembro activo de La Liga de Jóvenes Comunistas mientras trabajaba en la fábrica. ???????????? When she left for training, Tereshkova reportedly told her mother she was going to a training camp for an elite skydiving team. However, Valentina Tereshkova was the only one of the group to go into space at that point. In space at the same time was Valery F. Bykovsky, who had been launched two days earlier in Vostok 5; both landed on June 19. La 6° cosmonaute et 1ère femme, Valentina V. Terechkova est née le 6 mars 1937 à Maslennikovo (Terre). L'entraînement incluait des vols en apesanteur, des tests d'isolement, des tests de centrifugeuse, de l'ingénierie spatiale, de la propulsion th… She is known for her work on UFO (2018), Far from St. Petersburg (1991) and Der Augenzeuge (1946). Le lieu de sa naissance abrite d’ailleurs aujourd’hui un musée dédié au vol historique réalisé par la cosmonaute. Valentina TERECHKOVA est née de Vladimir Aksionovitch TERECHKOV (1912-1940) et de Elena Fiodorovna TERECHKOVA (née KROUGLOVA, 1913-1987). In the U.S. 13 women went through astronaut training in the early 1960s, only to be kept out of the corps by that pilot requirement. 16 Black Americans in Astronomy and Space, Biography of Yuri Gagarin, First Man in Space, They Never Became Astronauts: The Story of the Mercury 13, A Short History of Roscosmos and the Soviet Space Program, Project Gemini: NASA's Early Steps to Space, The History and Legacy of Project Mercury. "Valentina Tereshkova: The First Woman in Space." Seule à bord de son vaisseau spatial Vostok 6 qui décolle le 16 juin 1963 du cosmodrome de Baïkonour, elle passa près de trois jours en orbite basse dans le cadre d'un vol conjoint avec Valeri Bykovski lancé de son côté à bord du vaisseau Vostok 5deux jours aup… Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Test your knowledge of those who had the right stuff to travel into space. Tereshkova was only 24 when she volunteered for the space program. https://www.thoughtco.com/valentina-tereshkova-biography-3072504 (accessed April 12, 2021). Omissions? Ils ont une fille, Elena, puis ils se séparent et finalement divorcent en 1982 ; elle se remarie en 1989. Valentina Tereshkova was born to a peasant family in the Yaroslavl region of the former USSR on March 6, 1937. The identities of the other women in the cosmonaut program were not revealed until the late 1980s. She was previously married to Nikolayev, Andrian. Après le vol dans l'espace, elle est nommée « Héros de l'Union Soviétique ». Drexel, John, editor, Facts on File Encyclopedia of the 20th Century, Facts on File, 1991, pp. She was the first woman to have flown in space, having been selected from more than four hundred applicants and five finalists to pilot Vostok 6 on 16 June 1963. Valentina Tereshkova realizó su primer salto a los 22 años, el 21 de mayo de 1959. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Valentina Tereshkova, in full Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova, (born March 6, 1937, Maslennikovo, Russia, U.S.S.R.), Soviet cosmonaut, the first woman to travel into space. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Click here if you want to see this biography in Spanish translation. Valentina Terechkova (1937 - ) cosmonaute russe En 1961, après le vol réussi de Youri Gagarine, Sergueï Korolev, le responsable du programme spatial soviétique, décide d’envoyer une femme dans l’espace. Sous l'indicatif " La mouette " (en russe : ?????? Since there weren't many female pilots in the Soviet air force, women parachutists were considered as a possible field of candidates. Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova (Russian: Валенти́на Влади́мировна Терешко́ва; born 6 March 1937), is a Soviet retired cosmonaut.. She was the first woman to fly in space, aboard Vostok 6 (one of Vostok rocket) on 16 June 1963.She and four others were chosen out … Later she served as the president of the Soviet Women's Committee and became a member of the Supreme Soviet, the USSR's national parliament, and the Presidium, a special panel within the Soviet government. She directed the Soviet Women’s Committee in 1968, and from 1974 to 1991 she served as a member of the Supreme Soviet Presidium. She began an intensive training program designed to help her withstand the rigors of launch and orbit. Greene, Nick. Rumors abounded at the time that the union was just for propaganda purposes, but those have never been proven. She orbited the Earth 48 times, spent almost three days in space, and remains the only woman to have been on a solo space mission. She spent more time in orbit than all the U.S. Mercury astronauts combined. Valentina Vladimirovna Terechkova (en russe : Валентина Владимировна Терешкова , née le 6 mars 1937 à Maslennikovo, raïon de Toutaïev dans l'oblast de Iaroslavl), est la première cosmonaute soviétique et la première femme à effectuer un vol dans l'espace, du 16 au 19 juin 1963. Corrections? Valentina Vladimirovna Terechkova (née en 1937), est la première femme de l’histoire à avoir effectué un voyage dans l’espace, et la seule femme à avoir effectué ce voyage en solitaire.. Sélectionnée par Nikita Khrouchtchev. Un vol en duo avec une autre femme cosmonaute (Valentina Ponomariova) est prévu, mais il est annulé lorsque le programme Vostok est abandonné. It included classroom study, parachute jumps, and time in an aerobatic jet. Greene, Nick. Valentina Terechkova nait le 6 mars 1937 à Maslennikovo, en Russie, d’un père agriculteur et d’une mère ouvrière dans une industrie textile. Elle a une sœur aînée - Lioudmila, née en 1934 - et un frère cadet - Vladimir, 1940-1995. She was also the first civilian to do so. Valentina Tereshkova was chosen to fly aboard Vostok 6, scheduled for a June 16, 1963 launch date. Due to the Soviet penchant for secrecy, the entire program was kept quiet, so very few people knew about the effort. Valentina Vladimirovna Terechkova, née le 6 mars 1937 à Maslennikovo, raïon de Toutaïev dans l'oblast de Iaroslavl, est la première femme à effectuer un vol dans l'espace, et est la première cosmonaute soviétique, grâce à son vol du 16 au 19 juin 1963. He is also the U.N. World Space Week Coordinator for Antarctica. The U.S. did not send a woman into space until 1983, when Sally Ride, an astronaut and physicist, flew aboard the space shuttle Challenger. And so it was that Valentina Tereshkova made her flight in the summer of 1963, a couple of years after the first Soviet and U.S. astronauts took their rides to space. + d'infos. Flying two different orbits, the spacecraft came within roughly 5 km (3 miles) of each other, and the cosmonauts exchanged brief communications. Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova was born on March 6, 1937, in the small village of Maslennikovo near the Russian city of Yaroslavl. Il faudra attendre dix-neuf ans avant qu'une autre femme aille dans l'espace, la Soviétique Svetlana Y. Savitskaya , et vingt ans avant qu'une femme d'une autre nationalité s'y … The female cosmonaut program was disbanded in 1969 and wasn't until 1982 that the next woman flew in space. Histoire du vol spatial; Valentina Ponomariova; Liens externes (ru) Biographie de Valentina Vladimirovna Terechkova, Héros de l'Union soviétique Tereshkova was named a Hero of the Soviet Union and was twice awarded the Order of Lenin. Tereshkova was married to fellow cosmonaut Andrian Nikolayev in November 1963. Valentina Tereshkova a Russian cosmonaut created history when she became the first woman to travel to space. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Valentina-Tereshkova, Space.com - Biography of Valentina Tereshkova, New Mexico Museum of Space History - International Space Hall of Fame - Biography of Valentina Tereshkova, RT Russiapedia - Biography of Valentina Tereshkova, SheHeroes - Biography of Valentina Tereshkova, Valentina Tereshkova - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Valentina Tereshkova - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). a effectué 48 orbites autour(Autour est le nom que la nomenclature aviaire en langue française (mise à jour) donne à 31 espèces d'oiseaux qui, soit appartiennent...) de la terre(La Terre est la troisième planète du Système … Just earlier that year, 1961, the Soviet space program began to consider sending women into space. That was Soviet cosmonaut Svetlana Savitskaya, who went into space aboard a Soyuz flight. However, Valentina Tereshkova was the only one of the group to go into space at that point. Comunismo Entró como trabajadora en una fábrica textil a los 18 años. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Born: March 6, 1937 Maslennikovo, Russia Russian cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova was the first woman in space, orbiting the earth forty-eight times in Vostok VI in 1963. O'Neill, Lois Decker, "Farthest Out of All: The First Woman in Space, " in Women's Book of World Records and Achievements, Anchor Books, 1979, pp. Son vol sur Vostok 6 est donc la seule mission da… Valentina Vladimirovna Terechkova est née le 6 mars 1937 à Maslennikovo, un village situé dans l’Oblast de Iaroslavl — l’oblast est une unité administrative, l’équivalent d’une région. Ouvrière du textile à 18 ans, elle est choisie parmi plus de 400 candidates pour devenir, sous la houlette de Youri Gagarine, la première femme dans l'espace. ThoughtCo. Short Biography. In the Soviet Union, the space agency actively sought a woman to fly, provided she could pass the training. L'histoire n'a pourtant pas retenu son nom. Soon after starting work in a textile mill at the age of 18, she joined an amateur parachuting club. Women weren't yet there, held back by requirements that they had to be test pilots with a certain amount of experience. Dans la course à l’exploration spatiale qui oppose les Etats-Unis à l’URSS depuis 1957, les soviétiques emportent une bataille symbolique d’envergure : Valentina Terechkova, devient la première femme dans l’espace, en réalisant un voyage en solitaire à bord de Vostok 6 (16-19 juin 1963) However, there was a time more than half a century ago when access to space was considered a "man's job". Le 16 juin 1963, à bord du vaisseau Vostok-6, la Soviétique Valentina Terechkova devient la première femme de l'espace.Valentina Vladimirovna Terechkova naît le 6 mars 1937 à Maslennikovo, dans la région de Iaroslavl, en République socialiste fédérative soviétique de Russie, principale république de l'Union soviétique. In 2008 Tereshkova became the deputy chair of the parliament of Yaroslavl province as a member of the United Russia party. This biography provides detailed information regarding … She left the program just after her flight, and on November 3, 1963, she married Andriyan G. Nikolayev, another cosmonaut.
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